Eating in France – What Are the Courses of a French Meal?

A Fun Guide To Navigating a Formal French Meal

In the UK, a special meal often follows a familiar three-part structure: starter, main, and dessert. But in France, meals—especially festive or formal ones—are often more elaborate. A traditional French meal might include four, five, or even six distinct courses, each with its own role and rhythm.

Let’s explore the typical structure of a French meal and what each course involves.

1. L’apéritif – The Welcome Drink

This is a light alcoholic or non-alcoholic drink served before the meal begins. It’s often accompanied by small nibbles like olives, nuts, or crisps. The goal? To whet the appetite and set a relaxed, social tone.

2. Le hors-d’œuvre – The Appetizer

A small dish served before the starter. It might be something cold like a salad, pâté, or crudités. Not every meal includes this, but it’s common in formal settings.

3. L’entrée – The Starter

Despite the name, l’entrée is not the main course—it’s the dish that “enters” the meal. It’s often light and refined, such as a fish dish, soup, or seasonal vegetables.

4. Le plat principal – The Main Course

This is the heart of the meal. It might feature meat, poultry, or fish, accompanied by vegetables, grains, or sauces. French cuisine values balance and presentation, so expect thoughtful pairings.

5. Le fromage – The Cheese Course

Before dessert, French meals often include a selection of cheeses—soft, hard, aged, or fresh—served with bread. It’s a moment to savour and compare flavours.

6. Le dessert – The Sweet Finale

From fruit tarts and mousse to ice cream or fresh fruit, dessert rounds off the meal. It’s often lighter than you might expect, especially after multiple courses.

Cultural Tips

Order matters: Cheese comes before dessert in France, unlike in some other cultures.
L’entrée ≠ entrée: Don’t be fooled by the false friend! L’entrée is the starter, not the main dish.
Not every meal includes all courses: Daily meals are often simpler, but special occasions—like birthdays, holidays, or Sunday lunches—may include the full sequence.